THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF SOCIAL POLICY IN SOCIAL WELFARE

RASIKA KARUNARATHNE; PRAVEENA D

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.66221

THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF SOCIAL POLICY IN SOCIAL WELFARE

Author(s)	Mr. RASIKA KARUNARATHNE, Mr. PRAVEENA D
Country	India
Abstract	Social policy plays a vital role in shaping social welfare systems by addressing social risks, reducing inequality, and promoting human well-being. This study examines the importance and role of social policy in social welfare through a secondary data–based analysis. The primary objectives of the study are to examine the conceptual foundations and evolution of social policy, analyze its role in addressing key social welfare issues, assess the effectiveness of major social welfare policies and programmes, and identify gaps and challenges in existing social policies while suggesting policy implications for strengthening welfare outcomes. The study adopts a qualitative secondary data methodology, drawing data from government reports, census publications, international organization reports, and peer-reviewed academic literature. Descriptive and thematic analysis techniques are used to examine trends, policy impacts, and implementation challenges related to social welfare. The findings reveal that social policy has evolved from charitable welfare models to institutionalized, rights-based frameworks emphasizing state responsibility and social justice. Social policy interventions have contributed significantly to poverty reduction, inequality mitigation, and improved access to health, education, and social security. However, the effectiveness of welfare policies varies across regions and population groups due to administrative inefficiencies, targeting errors, and fiscal constraints. The study concludes that while social policies have positively influenced social welfare outcomes, strengthening implementation mechanisms, ensuring inclusiveness, and adopting evidence-based policy reforms are essential. Continuous policy evaluation and institutional capacity building are crucial for achieving sustainable and equitable social welfare systems.
Keywords	Keywords Social Policy; Social Welfare; Poverty and Inequality; Welfare State; Secondary Data Analysis
Field	Sociology
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-01-11
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.66221

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THE IMPORTANCE AND ROLE OF SOCIAL POLICY IN SOCIAL WELFARE

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