International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 1
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Prevalence of Vitamin B12 Deficiency Among Patients Presenting With Neuropathic Symptoms: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis

Author(s) Dr Nuwalid Nissar Lala, Gadepalli Rama Krishna Manish, Akanksha Chaudhari, Ovez Bagwan
Country India
Abstract Background:
Vitamin B12 deficiency is a well-recognized and potentially reversible cause of peripheral neuropathy. Patients presenting with neuropathic symptoms are frequently evaluated for metabolic and nutritional causes; however, the burden of vitamin B12 deficiency in this population remains under-reported in routine clinical practice.
Objectives:
To determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency and describe its association with clinical and laboratory characteristics in patients presenting with neuropathic symptoms.
Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital and included adult patients who presented with neuropathic symptoms between January 2022 and December 2023. Based on an assumed prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency of 30% among patients with neuropathic symptoms, a confidence level of 95%, and an absolute precision of 6%, the calculated minimum sample size was 224 patients. Demographic details, clinical presentation, comorbidities, and laboratory parameters including serum vitamin B12 levels were extracted from medical records. Vitamin B12 deficiency was defined as serum levels <200 pg/mL. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and comparative analysis where appropriate.
Results:
A total of 240 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age was 49.6 ± 13.2 years, with a male predominance (58.3%). Vitamin B12 deficiency was identified in 82 patients (34.2%). Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency more commonly presented with distal symmetric sensory neuropathy compared to non-deficient patients (61.0% vs. 38.5%). The deficient group also showed a higher prevalence of anemia (42.7% vs. 21.4%) and elevated mean corpuscular volume. Diabetes mellitus was present in 46.3% of the overall cohort but did not show a statistically significant association with vitamin B12 deficiency.
Conclusion:
Vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in approximately one-third of patients presenting with neuropathic symptoms. Given its high prevalence and reversible nature, routine screening for vitamin B12 deficiency should be considered in patients presenting with neuropathic manifestations to facilitate early diagnosis and timely treatment.
Keywords Vitamin B12, Neuropathy, Anemia, Retrospective
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-09
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.66230
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbjmj7
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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