International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Physiotherapy Beyond Earth: A Literature Review on Rehabilitation and Functional Performance in Astronauts

Author(s) Babish M A, Dr. Chetana G H, Prof. Shwetha S S
Country India
Abstract Background: Space travel exposes astronauts to microgravity, significantly impacting the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Prolonged weightlessness leads to muscle atrophy, bone demineralization, cardiovascular deconditioning, and impaired motor control.
Aim: To explore the role of physiotherapy in managing physiological changes induced by space travel and microgravity, ensuring astronaut health and optimizing mission success.
Methods: Ninety publications were located after a comprehensive initial literature search using several databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, nasa.gov, and PubMed Central (PMC). Four papers were chosen for the literature review. With an emphasis on documents released between 2009 and 2024, this study comprehensively evaluates the literature on physiotherapy therapies in microgravity environments. Only research on rehabilitation techniques and physiotherapy treatments was considered.
Results: Physiotherapy is essential in space travel to counteract muscle atrophy, bone loss, and cardiovascular deconditioning caused by zero gravity. Physiotherapy interventions are essential in mitigating the adverse effects of prolonged exposure to microgravity during space travel. Post-mission recovery requires months of physiotherapy to restore strength, coordination, and balance.
Conclusion: Physiotherapy is crucial in preventing deconditioning caused by prolonged exposure to microgravity. Physiotherapy interventions and technologies are developing in leaps and bounds, and effective countermeasure strategies like optimal exercise training are required to minimize the potentially harmful deconditioning effects on the astronaut’s physiological function, performance, and overall health due to zero gravity.
Clinical relevance: Prevention of space-induced deconditioning -physiotherapy helps to reduce muscle atrophy, bone loss, and cardiovascular decline in astronauts, ensuring optimal physical function during and after the missions.
Keywords Deconditioning, Physiotherapy, Post-Mission Recovery, Space Travel, Zero Gravity.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-19
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.66878
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