International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Heavy Metal Pollution from Industrial Effluents and Its Effects on Reproductive Behaviour of Mudskipper (Boleophthalmus dussumieri) From Different Coastal Area of Palghar District, Maharashtra, India

Author(s) Ms. Deepika Vijay Samal, Kadam Surendra S
Country India
Abstract Industrial effluents from clusters like Tarapur MIDC are major sources of heavy metal contamination in coastal ecosystems, threatening reproductive health of intertidal species. This study assessed the impacts of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, As, Hg) on the reproduction of the amphibious mudskipper Boleophthalmus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1837) across a pollution gradient in Palghar district, Maharashtra, India. Five sites were monitored monthly from March 2024 to March 2025: Kharekuran and Dandi (transitional/moderate pollution), Tarapur (high pollution), Vadhavan (low pollution/reference), and Bordi (pristine reference). Gonadal metal concentrations were quantified via atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Reproductive parameters included gonadosomatic index (GSI), estimated fecundity, histological examination, and behavioural observations (courtship, burrow construction, parental care). Results revealed a strong spatial gradient, with Tarapur exhibiting peak gonadal levels (ovarian Cd: 1.43 mg/kg; testicular As: 0.54 mg/kg), 4–6 times higher than Bordi. Cd, Cr, and Pb accumulated preferentially in ovaries (20–40% higher), while As and Hg favoured testes (10–25% higher). Seasonal peaks occurred in dry periods, with monsoon dilution. Polluted sites showed reduced GSI (females 1.1–2.1% vs. 1.5–2.5% reference across seasons), ~50% lower fecundity in high-pollution sites, histopathological changes (atresia, degeneration), and behavioural impairments (30–50% reduced courtship, shallower burrows, diminished parental care). Negative correlations confirmed metal-induced disruptions. These findings validate B. dussumieri as a bioindicator and highlight urgent needs for effluent regulation to protect coastal biodiversity and fisheries (CPCB, 2022; MPCB, 2024).
Keywords Heavy metals, Industrial effluents, GSI, Behavioural alterations, Boleophthalmus dussumieri.
Field Biology > Zoology
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-25
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.67423
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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