Dynamic Vacuum Field Theory: Explaining the Bullet Cluster Without Dark Matter

Author(s)	Mr. Satish Bhaurao Thorwe
Country	India
Abstract	Dynamic Vacuum Field Theory (DVFT) posits a unified framework where spacetime curvature and quantum phenomena emerge from distortions in a physical vacuum field described by a complex scalar , with as the amplitude (inertial density) and as the phase (coherence and oscillatory behavior). This theory eliminates the need for dark matter particles by attributing gravitational effects in galaxy clusters, such as those observed in the Bullet Cluster (1E 0657-56), to vacuum stress-energy contributions that behave collisionlessly during mergers. We derive the core DVFT equations, including the Lagrangian, stress-energy tensor, and field equations, and apply them to the Bullet Cluster. Calculations show that vacuum perturbations align with collisionless galaxies, reproducing the observed lensing offset (~250 kpc) and effective mass (~2.0 × 10^{14} M_\odot within 250 kpc) using only baryonic mass, matching Chandra X-ray and HST lensing data. DVFT resolves Bullet Cluster observations without exotic matter, offering a physical alternative to CDM while aligning with broader cosmological data.
Keywords	Bullet Cluster, Dark Matter, General Relativity, Gravity
Field	Physics > Astronomy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-01-31
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.67778

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