Comparative Study of Botanical and Microbial Eco-Friendly Pesticides in Integrated Pest Management Systems

Author(s)	Kushal Raj, Meena Rani
Country	India
Abstract	The push for sustainable agriculture has accelerated interest in eco-friendly pesticides—primarily botanical extracts (essential oils, botanical formulations, neem derivatives) and microbial biopesticides (Bacillus spp., entomopathogenic fungi, baculoviruses, nematodes). This review compares the modes of action, efficacy, formulation/challenges, compatibility with IPM, environmental and non-target impacts, and prospects for wider adoption of botanical versus microbial pesticides. Based on literature we synthesize evidence on their performance under laboratory and field conditions and highlight practical recommendations for integrating these agents into IPM programs. Key limitations (variability, formulation stability, regulatory barriers) and research needs (standardized field trials, formulation technologies, farmer adoption studies) are identified.
Published In	Volume 4, Issue 6, November-December 2022
Published On	2022-11-03

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International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research