International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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Volume 8 Issue 2
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Voices from the Delta: Exploring oil, Environmental degradation and Climate change in Helon Habila’s Oil on Water

Author(s) Belismita Gogoi
Country India
Abstract Climate change has severely disrupted the livelihoods of communities that rely directly on natural ecosystems, particularly in developing nations that lack adequate mechanisms to manage environmental and social risks. The Niger Delta region of Nigeria stands as a critical example, where intensive oil exploitation has caused widespread environmental degradation, ecological imbalance, and socio-economic distress. This paper examines the interconnected relationship between oil extraction, environmental degradation, and climate change as portrayed in Helon Habila’s Oil on Water. Employing a literary and ecocritical framework informed by postcolonial and neo-colonial perspectives, the study explores how multinational oil interests perpetuate environmental injustice while marginalizing local populations. Habila’s narrative reveals the devastating consequences of oil-driven capitalism, including polluted rivers, contaminated land, disrupted ecosystems, and the erosion of indigenous identities and traditions. These ecological crises intensify climate vulnerability and undermine the region’s capacity to sustain life. By analyzing Oil on Water, this research highlights literature’s role in documenting environmental suffering and exposing the socio-political structures that enable ecological exploitation. The paper argues that the novel serves as a powerful critique of neo-colonial practices and unchecked resource extraction, emphasizing their contribution to climate change in the Niger Delta. Ultimately, this study sheds light on the urgent need for environmental accountability and sustainable practices, while foregrounding the voices of communities whose lives and environments continue to bear the cost of global oil dependency.
Keywords Niger Delta, Oil Company, exploitation, environment, climate change.
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-07
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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