CRISPR-Cas9 and Genome-Editing Technologies in Psychiatric Neuroscience

Mukesh Kumar G; Daniel Raj D; Suraj Patel; Nirmola Sharma; Bhakti Hemantbhai Mahyavanshi; Komal Kathale; Rishi Panday

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.68561

CRISPR-Cas9 and Genome-Editing Technologies in Psychiatric Neuroscience

Author(s)	Mr. Mukesh Kumar G, Mr. Daniel Raj D, Mr. Suraj Patel, Ms. Nirmola Sharma, Ms. Bhakti Hemantbhai Mahyavanshi, Ms. Komal Kathale, Dr. Rishi Panday
Country	India
Abstract	Background Psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder are highly heritable and biologically complex conditions. Although genome-wide association studies have identified numerous genetic risk loci, translating these findings into functional and mechanistic insights remains a major challenge. CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing technology offers a precise and scalable approach to investigating the functional role of psychiatric risk genes and regulatory elements. Aim This review aimed to synthesise current evidence on the application of CRISPR-Cas9 and related genome-editing technologies in psychiatric neuroscience. Methods A narrative review incorporating systematic elements was conducted. Electronic databases, including PubMed, One Nation One Subscription (ONOS), and Google Scholar, were searched for relevant literature. Experimental and translational studies using CRISPR-based genome editing in cellular, animal, and human-relevant models of psychiatric disorders were included. Data on study design, experimental models, genomic targets, and outcomes were extracted and narratively synthesised. Results The reviewed studies demonstrated extensive use of CRISPR-Cas9 in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons, brain organoids, and animal models to investigate schizophrenia, depression, autism spectrum disorder, and related conditions. Genome and epigenome editing of psychiatric risk loci revealed alterations in neurodevelopment, synaptic function, neurotransmission, and behaviour. Advances in cell-type-specific and circuit-level CRISPR approaches further enhanced understanding of gene–environment interactions and neural mechanisms underlying psychiatric phenotypes. Conclusion CRISPR-Cas9 has emerged as a transformative tool in psychiatric neuroscience, enabling the functional validation of genetic and epigenetic risk factors. Although clinical translation remains limited, continued methodological refinement and ethical oversight may support its future role in precision psychiatry and mental health research.
Keywords	CRISPR-Cas9; Genome editing; Psychiatric neuroscience; Schizophrenia; Depression; Autism spectrum disorder; Epigenetics
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-02-10
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.68561

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CRISPR-Cas9 and Genome-Editing Technologies in Psychiatric Neuroscience

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