International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 8, Issue 2 (March-April 2026) Submit your research before last 3 days of April to publish your research paper in the issue of March-April.
Submit Research Paper Join as a Reviewer

Plagiarism is checked by the leading plagiarism checker TurnItIn

Call for Paper

Volume 8 Issue 2
March-April 2026

Submit your research paper

Indexing Partners
Academia Advanced Sciences Index Bielefeld Academic Search Engine CiteSeer DRJI Google Scholar Independent Search Engine & Directory Network ISI (International Scientific Indexing) Issuu Mendeley Research Networks
RefSeek ResearcherId - Thomson Reuters ResearchGate Scirus Scribd Semantic Scholar UTeM - Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Wiki for Call for Papers WorldCat Zenodo

Comparative Evaluation of Enamel Microhardness using a Smart Ph-sensitive Sealant and Conventional Resin Sealant Under Acid Challenge: An in Vitro Study

Author(s) Prof. HOD Dr. Krishna Prasada L, Prof. Dr. Naveen Kumar K, Dr. Nakshathra Abraham
Country India
Abstract ABSTRACT
Background:
Dental erosion has emerged as a significant clinical problem, particularly among children and young adults, due to increased consumption of acidic beverages. Conventional resin-based sealants primarily function as passive mechanical barriers and do not actively counteract enamel demineralization. Recently developed smart pH-sensitive sealants are designed to respond to acidic challenges by releasing remineralizing ions, thereby providing dynamic protection to enamel. Tricalcium phosphate (TCP), when incorporated into resin sealants, has the potential to release calcium and phosphate ions under low pH conditions, enhancing enamel resistance to erosion.
Aim:
To compare enamel surface microhardness and ion release between a smart pH-sensitive sealant and a conventional resin sealant subjected to cyclic acid challenge.
Objectives:
1. To evaluate changes in enamel microhardness following application of conventional and smart pH-sensitive sealants under acidic conditions.
2. To assess the release of calcium (Ca²⁺), phosphate (PO₄³⁻), and fluoride (F⁻) ions from the smart pH-sensitive sealant in neutral and acidic environments.
Materials and Methods:
Twenty-four extracted human premolars with sound enamel were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 8): Group I – smart pH-sensitive sealant containing tricalcium phosphate, Group II – conventional resin sealant, and Group III – control (no sealant). The smart sealant was formulated by incorporating TCP powder (1–5% by weight) into a resin-based sealant prior to curing. All specimens underwent cyclic acid challenge by immersion in cola beverage (pH ≈ 2.5) for 5 minutes daily, followed by rinsing and storage in distilled water, for a period of 10–14 days. Enamel surface microhardness was measured using a Vickers or Knoop hardness tester before and after acid challenge. Ion release from the smart sealant was assessed using appropriate analytical methods in neutral and acidic media.
Results:
The smart pH-sensitive sealant group demonstrated significantly higher enamel microhardness values following acid challenge compared to the conventional sealant and control groups. Ion analysis revealed increased release of calcium and phosphate ions from the smart sealant under acidic conditions.
Conclusion:
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the smart pH-sensitive sealant exhibited superior protective effects against enamel demineralization under acidic conditions compared to conventional resin sealants. The ability to release remineralizing ions in response to low pH suggests that smart sealants may be a promising preventive strategy for managing dental erosion.
Keywords Dental erosion, Smart sealant, Tricalcium phosphate, Enamel microhardness, Ion release, Acid challenge
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-02-13
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.68808
View / Download PDF File

Share this



E-ISSN 2582-2160
CrossRef

CrossRef DOI is assigned to each research paper published in our journal.

IJFMR DOI prefix is
10.36948/ijfmr

Downloads
Research Paper Format Copyright Permission Form and Undertaking Form Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 2Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 1Cover Page Vol 7 Isu 6

All research papers published on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and all rights belong to their respective authors/researchers.

CC-BY-SA Open Access

About IJFMR
Fees & Payment
Current Issue
Publication Archive 		Submit Research Paper
Track Submission Status
Publication Guidelines
Publication Ethics
Peer Review & Plagiarism 		Join as a Reviewer
Editors & Reviewers
Reviewer Referral Program
Get Reviewer Membership Certi. 		Website/Journal Policies
Usage Policy
Content Policies
Privacy Policy
Contact Us +91-9687-828-838 editor@ijfmr.com
Powered by Sky Research Publication and Journals