International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Basti Karma in the Modulation of Inflammatory Markers in Amavata (Rheumatoid Arthritis): An Integrative Review

Author(s) Dr. Poojashree N.K, Prof. Dr. Arun B Jainer, Prof. Dr. Basavaraj G Saraganachari
Country India
Abstract Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by symmetrical polyarthritis, progressive joint destruction, and persistently elevated inflammatory markers such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti CCP) antibodies. In Ayurveda, RA closely resembles Amavata, a disorder originating from Agnimandya leading to Ama formation and subsequent vitiation of Vata Dosha. Basti Chikitsa is considered the most effective therapeutic intervention for Vatavyadhi and is designated as Ardha Chikitsa due to its systemic influence.
Objective: To critically evaluate classical Ayurvedic concepts and contemporary scientific evidence regarding the role of Basti Karma in modulating inflammatory markers in Amavata with special reference to rheumatoid arthritis.
Methods: Classical Ayurvedic texts and their commentaries were reviewed alongside contemporary biomedical literature on RA, inflammatory markers, immunopathogenesis, the gut–immune axis, and rectal drug delivery. A conceptual correlation and integrative interpretative analysis were undertaken.
Results: Available evidence suggests that Basti Karma exerts systemic anti inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects by correcting Agnimandya, facilitating Ama Nirharana, pacifying Vata Dosha, and modulating the gut–immune–neuroendocrine axis. Clinical studies report significant reductions in ESR and CRP levels with concurrent improvement in joint pain, swelling, and stiffness following Basti therapy.
Conclusion: Basti Karma demonstrates considerable potential in the integrative management of Amavata/RA by addressing both clinical manifestations and underlying inflammatory pathology. Well designed randomized controlled trials with standardized Basti protocols and biomarker based outcomes are warranted to substantiate its role within integrative rheumatology.
Keywords Amavata, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Basti Karma, Inflammatory Markers, Gut–Immune Axis
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-02-18
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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