High-Risk HPV (16/18) Detection and Its Correlation With Graded Cervical Cytology Abnormalities: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Assessment from a Tertiary Care Centre in Agra, India.

itishree jena; urvashi verma; Rajkamal .; Geetika Munjal; Shatakshi Jaiswal; Anshu Gautam; Neelam Singh

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.69585

High-Risk HPV (16/18) Detection and Its Correlation With Graded Cervical Cytology Abnormalities: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Assessment from a Tertiary Care Centre in Agra, India.

Author(s)	Dr. itishree jena, Dr. urvashi verma, Dr. Rajkamal ., Dr. Geetika Munjal, Dr. Shatakshi Jaiswal, Dr. Anshu Gautam, Dr. Neelam Singh
Country	India
Abstract	Background: Cervical cancer remains one of the most preventable yet prevalent cancers in low- and middle-income countries. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types—especially HPV-16 and HPV-18—is the strongest predictor of high-grade cervical lesions. Combined Pap smear and HPV DNA testing is increasingly recommended to improve early detection. Aim: To determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV 16/18 infection and evaluate its association with different grades of cervical cytological abnormalities among women attending a tertiary-care hospital in Agra. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 sexually active women aged 18–49 years attending the gynecology OPD at SN Medical College, Agra (2023–2025). Pap smears were reported according to the Bethesda System. Cervical samples were tested for HPV-16/18 DNA using PCR. Demographic variables, reproductive risk factors, symptom profiles, and cervical appearance were correlated with cytology grades and HPV positivity. Results: Of 110 women, 47 (42.7%) were NILM; 21 (19.0%) ASC-US; 4 (3.6%) ASC-H; 24 (21.8%) LSIL; and 14 (12.7%) HSIL. Overall HPV positivity was 44.5% (49/110). High-risk HPV was markedly associated with increasing cytological severity. HPV-16 was most prevalent in HSIL (57.1%), followed by HPV-18 (14.3%). Women >30 years, parity ≥3, early sexual debut (<19 years), and history of RTI/STD showed significantly higher dysplasia rates. The strongest association with high-risk HPV was seen in HSIL (prevalence ratio 3.1). Conclusion: High-risk HPV 16/18 shows a robust correlation with progressive cytological abnormalities. Integrating HPV DNA testing with Pap screening can substantially enhance early detection and reduce cervical cancer burden in tertiary-care settings.
Keywords	Keywords: HPV 16, HPV 18, Cervical cytology, Pap smear, HSIL, LSIL, HPV PCR, Agra
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-02-21
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.69585

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High-Risk HPV (16/18) Detection and Its Correlation With Graded Cervical Cytology Abnormalities: A Comprehensive Cross-Sectional Assessment from a Tertiary Care Centre in Agra, India.

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