Between Belonging and Division: Identity Politics not Against the Social Harmony, but the Oppression

Author(s)	Mr. Pankaj Kumar
Country	India
Abstract	This study examines the construction and mobilization of identity politics in India’s democratic space, as well as its implications for social cohesion and the quality of democracy. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, this study found that identity politics in India is consciously employed by various political actors through the use of symbols, religious and cultural narratives, and social media. Identity politics has been proven to form affectation-based political loyalty, but it has an impact on the exclusion, polarization, and delegitimization of democratic institutions. The work highlights the need to balance the recognition of group identities with strategies that foster dialogue, mutual respect, tolerance, and inclusive governance, thereby promoting societal cohesion without suppressing diversity. This research contributes to contemporary debates on identity politics, participatory democracy, justice, development, and pluralism, emphasizing that the challenge lies in navigating the tension between affirming difference and maintaining social harmony and collective unity.
Keywords	identity politics, social cohesion, social disharmony, oppression, and justice
Field	Sociology > Politics
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-02-27
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.69743

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