Role of Constructed wetland in Wastewater Treatment

Author(s)	Ms. Jagriti Gautam, Rajesh Kumar, Anjali Verma, Mahak
Country	India
Abstract	Rapid urbanization and industrial growth have intensified global wastewater challenges, demanding sustainable and cost-effective treatment solutions. Constructed wetlands have emerged as a promising nature-based technology that integrates physical, chemical and biological processes to achieve efficient pollutant removal. By facilitating sedimentation, adsorption, microbial degradation and plant nutrient uptake, these systems effectively reduce biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nutrients and pathogens. Various configurations, including free water surface and subsurface flow systems, enhance treatment performance under diverse environmental conditions. Beyond wastewater purification, constructed wetlands provide additional ecological benefits such as carbon sequestration, biodiversity support and groundwater recharge. This review critically evaluates the principles, design considerations and practical applications of constructed wetlands, highlighting their potential as a resilient and sustainable alternative to conventional wastewater treatment systems.
Keywords	Constructed Wetlands, Wastewater Treatment, Nature-based Solutions, Nutrient Removal, Sustainable Sanitation
Field	Biology
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-02-27
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i01.70057

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International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research