International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Critical Study on: The Impact of Mother Tongue on Bhutanese Students While Learning English Language for Effective Communication Among Class Ten.

Author(s) Mr. Sonam Norbu, Sherab Tenzin
Country Bhutan
Abstract This study critically examined the impact of mother tongue use on the English language learning of Bhutanese Class Ten students and on effective classroom communication. In Bhutanese classrooms, students frequently preferred to communicate in their respective mother tongues and other vernacular dialects rather than in the two official languages—English and Dzongkha. This practice often led to code-mixing, reduced fluency, and limited confidence in English communication.
The study aimed to determine whether the use of the mother tongue hindered or supported English language acquisition in classroom settings. A mixed-method research design was employed involving two Class Ten sections: one experimental group (N = 22), where students were allowed to use their mother tongue during English learning, and one control group (N = 22), where students were encouraged to communicate strictly in English. The study was conducted over four months.
Quantitative data were collected through pre-tests and post-tests, written assessments, and speaking tests. Qualitative data were gathered through questionnaires, classroom observations, and focus group discussions. Statistical comparison of test scores was used to determine differences between the groups.
The findings aimed to inform English teachers, school leaders, and curriculum developers in Bhutan about the role of mother tongue in second language acquisition and provide practical strategies for enhancing students’ English proficiency.
Keywords Bhutan, mother tongue interference, English language learning, classroom communication, second language acquisition, Class Ten students.
Field Sociology > Education
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-07
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.70790
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