Association between hypernatremia and mortality in traumatic brain injury patients

Author(s)	Dr. RICHA GUPTA, Dr. RAJEEV GARG, Prof. Dr. RAJESH CHHABRA
Country	India
Abstract	Hypernatremia—a state of elevated serum sodium concentration—is a frequent electrolyte disturbance encountered in critically ill patients. In the context of brain injury, its occurrence is particularly significant due to unique pathophysiological interactions between sodium balance, cerebral edema, intracranial pressure (ICP), and systemic homeostasis. This article explores the association between hypernatremia and mortality in patients with brain injury, synthesizing current evidence, underlying mechanisms, clinical implications, and directions for future research. By reviewing epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical studies, and management strategies, this comprehensive analysis aims to clarify why hypernatremia may serve as both a marker and a contributor to poor outcomes. Overall, it was observed that neither osmotic diuretics nor hyperglycemia were linked to hypernatremia related mortality. However, statistically significantly association was observed between hypernatremia and renal dysfunction. Also, mortality rate was found to be same in patients having hypernatremia at them of admission vs patients developing hypernatremia during admission in ICU.
Keywords	Hypernatremia, Hyperglycemia, osmotic fluids, mortality, traumatic brain injury
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-03-20
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.70930

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