International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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“Wearing Many Hats”: A Multiple Case Study on the Impact of Ancillary Duties on Instructional Supervision and Teaching Quality in Public Schools

Author(s) Junnard G. Deiparine, Judilyn L. Palubon, Eleanor D. Taripe, Vicpher D. Garnada, Jasmine Umpad, Neziel M. Basilisco
Country Philippines
Abstract This study explored the impact of ancillary duties on instructional supervision and teaching quality in public schools in Cebu, Siquijor, and Southern Leyte during the 2025–2026 academic year. Employing a qualitative multiple case study design, the research aimed to capture the lived experiences of teachers who balance instructional responsibilities with non-teaching tasks. Twenty public school teachers were purposively selected from three schools representing urban, rural, and island contexts. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and observation, and analyzed using thematic analysis to identify key patterns and themes across cases. Findings revealed that teachers are frequently assigned ancillary duties such as administrative documentation, committee participation, program coordination, and extracurricular supervision, which significantly influence their instructional planning, lesson delivery, and assessment practices. Participants reported that these additional responsibilities often constrained the time and attention available for classroom instruction, reducing the frequency and effectiveness of instructional supervision. Teachers employed coping strategies, including time management, task prioritization, collaboration with colleagues, and selective delegation, to balance instructional and non-instructional roles. The study recommends workload rationalization, restructuring of supervisory processes, targeted professional development on time management and coping skills, and collaborative task distribution among school staff. Furthermore, an evidence-based teacher reskilling and upskilling program, TEACHER-PLUS 2026, was proposed to strengthen instructional supervision and optimize the management of ancillary duties. The study contributes to understanding the interplay between teacher workload, supervision, and instructional quality, providing actionable insights for school leaders, policymakers, and teacher education programs to foster sustainable and effective teaching practices in Philippine public schools.
Keywords Ancillary duties, Instructional supervision, Teaching quality, Multiple case study, Philippine public schools, Cebu, Philippines
Field Sociology > Education
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-09
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.70931
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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