International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Circular Economy for Sustainable Development in India: A Preliminary Insight

Author(s) Dr. Puja Saxena Nigam
Country India
Abstract India is currently the world’s most populous nation and its fastest-growing major economy. However, this growth is resource-intensive. India’s material consumption is projected to triple by 2030 compared to 2010 levels. In a world of volatile commodity prices and disrupted supply chains, the "Linear Economy" creates "waste" that is essentially a stranded economic asset.
Under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’S): SDG 12, "Responsible Consumption and Production," aims to decouple economic growth from resource depletion by promoting resource efficiency, waste reduction, and sustainable management of natural resources. The circular economy acts as a vital, practical framework for achieving this by shifting from "take-make-waste" to "reduce, reuse, repair, and recycle" models.
The Circular Economy is not merely "recycling"; it is a restorative system that designs out waste, keeps products and materials in use at their highest value, and regenerates natural systems. For India, Circular Economy is not an environmental luxury but a strategic necessity for a Self-Reliant India.
As India pursues its goal of becoming a $5 trillion economy, the traditional linear model of "extract-make-dispose" poses an existential threat to its ecological stability and resource security. This paper is an insight into the transition towards a Circular Economy as a prerequisite for sustainable development in India. By examining the intersection of ancient Indian frugality with modern industrial policy, the paper analyses the socio-economic potential of circularity, identifies systemic barriers in the informal sector, and evaluates the legislative landscape of India as of early 2026.
Keywords Linear economy, Circular Economy, Sustainable Development, Resource security, SDG’s.
Field Sociology > Economics
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-15
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.71355
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