International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Establishing The Reliability Of a Predefined 3D Operational Arm Workspace In Stroke Survivors

Author(s) Ankita Shrikant Hase, Prof. Dr. Rajgopalan Vasanthan
Country India
Abstract Establishing the Reliability of a Predefined 3-Dimensional Operational Arm Workspace of the Paretic Arm in Stroke Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study
Introduction: Stroke often causes upper limb disability, with 40–80% of survivors experiencing incomplete recovery. In India, limited access to rehabilitation, low awareness, and financial barriers further restrict outcomes. Currently, physiotherapists lack standardized tools to assess the paretic arm’s 3D workspace, limiting guidance for functional training. This study introduces a novel method to map the operational workspace of the paretic arm in stroke survivors.
Objective: To develop and establish the reliability of a method for measuring the 3D operational workspace of the paretic arm.
Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 36 stroke survivors (>18 years, sub-acute and chronic stages) from The Oxford College of Physiotherapy OPD, hospitals, and clinics in Bangalore. Cognitive and motor status were screened using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremities (FMA-UE). A metal frame with acrylic sheets defined the 3D workspace. Participants attempted to reach and grasp a suspended tumbler with both unaffected and affected arms. Performances were video-recorded and rated by three neuro-physiotherapists for inter- and intra-rater reliability.
Results: Inter-rater reliability was 0.89 (very reliable) and intra-rater reliability was 0.74 (reliable).
Conclusion: Unlike conventional tools that assess grasping in limited planes, this method evaluates the full 3D operational workspace, providing a comprehensive view of functional deficits. It supports physiotherapists in tailoring task-specific rehabilitation, enhancing individualized stroke recovery strategies.
Keywords Stroke, arm workspace, paretic arm, reach, grasp
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-18
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.71623
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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