International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Gandhian Environmentalism: Relevance of Mahatma Gandhi’s Ecological Ethics in the Contemporary World

Author(s) Mr. Sushanta Mandal
Country India
Abstract This research paper analyzes the ecological ideas of Mahatma Gandhi and their relevance in addressing contemporary environmental problems. Although Gandhi was primarily a political leader and social reformer, his philosophy contained strong environmental insights. His famous statement that the Earth has enough resources to satisfy human needs but not human greed reflects his concern about the overexploitation of nature and unsustainable patterns of development. Gandhi strongly criticized modern industrial civilization, excessive mechanization, consumerism, and unregulated urbanization, arguing that these forces would ultimately lead to environmental degradation and social inequality. Gandhi emphasized the importance of simple living, moral restraint, and harmony between human beings and nature. His ideas of non-violence (Ahimsa), village self-reliance, and decentralized production promoted a sustainable lifestyle based on limited consumption and respect for natural resources. He believed that human development should not be measured solely by material progress but by ethical values, spiritual growth, and ecological balance.
The paper also highlights Gandhi’s views on the human–nature relationship, in which all living beings are interconnected and deserve equal respect. In the context of today’s environmental crises, such as climate change and resource depletion, Gandhian ecological ethics provide a valuable alternative framework for achieving sustainable and responsible development.
Keywords Gandhian Environmentalism; Ecological Ethics; Sustainable Development; Simple Living; Human-Nature Relationship
Field Sociology > Politics
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-29
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.72054
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