Forest: An Eternal Source of Life and Livelihood for the Santals

Author(s)	Mr. Rajib Baskey
Country	India
Abstract	The Santals, one of the largest indigenous communities in India, have historically maintained a deep and symbiotic relationship with forests. This paper examines the multidimensional significance of forests in Santal life, encompassing livelihood, culture, religion, and ecological ethics. Drawing upon indigenous knowledge systems and environmental philosophy, the study argues that Santal life reflects an inherent ecological consciousness rooted in animism and sustainable resource use. The paper further explores the challenges posed by modern development, including displacement, deforestation, and cultural erosion. By engaging with contemporary environmental theories, it highlights how Santal ecological practices offer a viable alternative model for sustainable development.
Keywords	Santals, Forest, Indigenous Knowledge, Animism, Ecological Ethics, Sustainable Development, Environmental Philosophy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-03-25

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