International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Corporate Social Resposibility and Environmental Sustainability in India: Legal Loopholes and Implementation Challenges

Author(s) IRIN XESS, Dr. LALIT KUMAR ROY
Country India
Abstract India’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) framework under Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013, was a pioneering step toward involving the corporate sector in social development, positioning India as the first country to legally mandate CSR expenditure. The law aimed to involve companies in social and environmental development. However, its impact on environmental sustainability has been limited. Many companies treat CSR as a formality, focusing on spending money rather than achieving real results. The lack of clear definitions, weak monitoring, and poor accountability allows misuse and greenwashing. This paper discusses the main legal gaps, challenges in implementation, and the mismatch between CSR Projects and India’s national environmental goals. It also compares India’s national environmental goals. It also compares India’s system with global practices that emphasise results and transparency. The study suggests legal reforms, stronger evaluation methods, and enhancing coordination among the government, companies, and communities to make CSR a genuine tool for protecting the environment and promoting sustainable growth.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Environmental-Sustainability, Implementation Challenges, CSR Framework, Greenwashing, Sustainable development, Environmental Governance.
Keywords Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), Environmental-Sustainability, Implementation Challenges, CSR Framework, Greenwashing, Sustainable development, Environmental Governance.
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-30
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.72908
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