International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Avian Mutualism and Ecological Significance of Bryonia laciniosa (Shivlingi) in Indian Forest Ecosystems

Author(s) Dr. Praveen Kumar Verma, Mr. Charu Verma
Country India
Abstract Bryonia laciniosa (Linn.), commonly known as Shivlingi or Lollipop Climber, holds ecological importance beyond its ethno-medicinal value, functioning as a keystone resource for avian biodiversity in the Indian subcontinent. This study examines the specialised mutualism between the perennial climber and frugivorous bird communities, focusing on seed dispersal and forest regeneration. Shivlingi fruits, rich in lipids and carbohydrates, provide critical sustenance during post monsoon lean periods when other forest resources are scarce. Avian digestive processes enhance germination by reducing seed dormancy through scarification and leaching, thereby ensuring population resilience. Field observations and literature synthesis reveal diverse dispersal strategies: the Red vented Bulbul (Pycnonotus cafer) and Jungle Babbler (Turdoides striata) act as efficient generalist dispersers; the Indian White eye (Zosterops palpebrosus) contributes to both seed dispersal and pollination; while the Brown Rock Chat (Oenanthe fusca) demonstrates opportunistic plant use despite its insectivorous diet. The extended fruiting season of Shivlingi (September-January) aligns with avian metabolic demands, underscoring its role in sustaining bird populations. However, habitat fragmentation and climate induced shifts in fruiting phenology threaten this avian-plant collaboration, with potential consequences for forest regeneration and biodiversity stability. Conservation strategies must therefore extend beyond medicinal harvesting to include habitat protection and the preservation of avian diversity. By highlighting the reciprocal relationship between Shivlingi and birds, this study positions B. laciniosa as a culturally significant and ecologically indispensable species within India’s forest ecosystems.
Keywords Bryonia laciniosa (Shivlingi), Avian seed dispersal, Endozoochory, Phenological mismatch, Forest regeneration.
Field Biology > Zoology
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-31
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.73164
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