Patent Evergreening and Its Impact on Affordable Medicines in Developing Countries

Author(s)	ANAND KUMAR, Dr. Kaushlendra Singh
Country	India
Abstract	Patent evergreening, the practice of extending drug monopolies through minor modifications, has become a significant barrier to affordable medicines in developing countries. While intended to reward innovation, this strategy often delays generic competition and keeps drug prices high, undermining access to essential treatments. This article examines the mechanisms and impacts of evergreening, especially in the context of international trade rules like TRIPS and TRIPS-plus agreements. It also explores legal and ethical responses, with a focus on India’s model, and calls for a more balanced approach that supports both innovation and the right to health.
Keywords	Patent Evergreening, Access to Medicines, Developing Countries, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Pharmaceutical Ethics.
Field	Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-04-05

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