Challenges and Perceptions of NEP 2020 Implementation in the Higher Education System in Meghalaya: An Analysis of State Policy Shifts and Stakeholder Perspectives on the Four-Year Undergraduate Programme (FYUP).

Bahunlang Tron

Challenges and Perceptions of NEP 2020 Implementation in the Higher Education System in Meghalaya: An Analysis of State Policy Shifts and Stakeholder Perspectives on the Four-Year Undergraduate Programme (FYUP).

Author(s)	Dr. Bahunlang Tron
Country	India
Abstract	The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 introduces transformative reforms, including the Four-Year Undergraduate Programme (FYUP), aimed at fostering multidisciplinary, holistic education across India. In Meghalaya, a northeastern state with unique socio-economic challenges, these reforms intersect with a historically fragmented education policy landscape marked by reliance on private institutions, politically influenced grant-in-aid systems, and inadequate teacher qualifications. This paper analyzes Meghalaya's state education policies from pre-1972 to the 2018 State Education Policy, critiques their alignment with NEP 2020, and presents findings from a pilot survey of 360 undergraduate students and 40 college teachers across 15 colleges in Shillong (East Khasi Hills) and a few from Jaintia Hills. The results reveal overwhelming concerns, including an overloaded FYUP curriculum (33 papers versus 18 previously for a three-year degree), teacher overburden without training or additional appointments, a lack of textbooks for new courses, rising financial burdens, and student backlogs leading to potential dropouts. With 87% of students reporting complaints about unwieldy syllabi and 43% of teachers citing rushed learning, the study underscores the need for contextualized implementation, infrastructure support, and poverty-sensitive policies. Recommendations include rationalizing FYUP credits, enforcing UGC norms, and prioritizing teacher capacity-building to prevent exclusion of underprivileged students.
Keywords	Four-year undergraduate program (FYUP), colleges, syllabus, policy, grant-in-aid
Field	Sociology > Education
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-04-05

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Challenges and Perceptions of NEP 2020 Implementation in the Higher Education System in Meghalaya: An Analysis of State Policy Shifts and Stakeholder Perspectives on the Four-Year Undergraduate Programme (FYUP).

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