Geographical Indications and Protection of Ecosystems: a Nature-based Solution to Sustainable Development

Author(s)	Mr. Saurabh, Prof. (Dr.) Vani Bhushan
Country	India
Abstract	The relationship between intellectual property protection and environmental sustainability has gained increasing importance in contemporary legal discourse. Geographical Indications (GIs) are distinctive intellectual property rights that recognize the link between product characteristics and geographical environment, including ecological factors such as soil quality, climate, biodiversity, and traditional knowledge systems. Because the quality and reputation of GI products depend upon specific environmental conditions, their protection may indirectly promote conservation of ecosystems and sustainable resource use. This research examines the role of the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 in supporting environmental sustainability within the framework of constitutional principles and international instruments such as the TRIPS Agreement and the Convention on Biological Diversity. It argues that GI protection can function as a nature-based legal mechanism contributing to biodiversity conservation, sustainable agriculture, and community-based environmental governance.
Keywords	Geographical Indications, Ecosystem Protection, Biodiversity, Sustainable Development, TRIPS, Traditional Knowledge, Environmental Law
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-04-06
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.73739

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