International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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Volume 8 Issue 2
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Assessing The Transformative Potential of Free and Compulsory Education in India: A Systematic Review

Author(s) Ms. Hemlata singh, Dr. Mithilesh Kumar Yadav
Country India
Abstract Abstract: Free and compulsory education in India represents a constitutional commitment to equity, social justice, and inclusive development under Article 21A and the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009. This systematic review examines the transformative potential of this rights-based framework by analysing scholarly literature, policy documents, and implementation studies published in the post-RTE period. The review highlights significant achievements, including increased enrollment rates, improved gender parity, infrastructure development, and enhanced access for marginalized communities through inclusive provisions such as Section 12(1)(c). However, persistent challenges remain, particularly in relation to learning outcomes, teacher capacity, regional disparities, and implementation gaps. The findings suggest that while access to schooling has substantially improved, the goal of meaningful and equitable learning is yet to be fully realized. The study emphasizes the need for stronger quality-focused reforms, policy integration with the National Education Policy 2020, and strengthened monitoring mechanisms to ensure that free and compulsory education, fulfils its transformative social mandate.
Keywords Free and Compulsory Education, Article 21A, RTE Act 2009, Social Transformation, Educational Equity
Field Arts
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-04-10
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.73857
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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