Biochar in Plant Science: Linking Soil Health, Root Dynamics, and Ecosystem Sustainability- a Review

Author(s)	Dr. JYOTI SURESH KAWALEKAR, Mr. ADARSH ANAND PUNDALIK
Country	India
Abstract	Abstract Biochar is a stable, carbon-dense material produced through the thermal conversion of plant biomass under oxygen-limited conditions. In contemporary botanical and ecological research, biochar is increasingly regarded not only as a soil conditioner but also as an influential modifier of the plant growth environment. From a plant-centered perspective, biochar alters root–soil interfaces, nutrient availability, microbial associations, and physiological responses to environmental stress. This review integrates recent advances in biochar research with emphasis on plant–soil–microbe interactions and botanical relevance. Available evidence demonstrates that biochar enhances soil structural stability, improves nutrient retention, promotes functionally diverse rhizospheric microbial communities, and supports improved plant growth and stress adaptation. Its applications in sustainable agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and ecological restoration are critically examined, alongside current limitations and future research needs. Overall, this review positions biochar as a long-term, plant-focused strategy for advancing sustainable and climate-resilient ecosystems.
Keywords	Keywords: Biochar; Botany; Plant–soil interactions; Rhizosphere; Sustainable agriculture; Climate resilience
Field	Biology > Agriculture / Botany
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-04-14

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