International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

Call for Paper Volume 8, Issue 2 (March-April 2026) Submit your research before last 3 days of April to publish your research paper in the issue of March-April.
Submit Research Paper Join as a Reviewer

Plagiarism is checked by the leading plagiarism checker TurnItIn

Call for Paper

Volume 8 Issue 2
March-April 2026

Submit your research paper

Indexing Partners
Academia Advanced Sciences Index Bielefeld Academic Search Engine CiteSeer DRJI Google Scholar Independent Search Engine & Directory Network ISI (International Scientific Indexing) Issuu Mendeley Research Networks
RefSeek ResearcherId - Thomson Reuters ResearchGate Scirus Scribd Semantic Scholar UTeM - Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Wiki for Call for Papers WorldCat Zenodo

Behind Bars And Beyond Identity: Navigating Gender, Law, And Incarceration In India

Author(s) Ms. Prasiddhi Shashank Sawant, Ms. Shreya Ramakant Tiwari
Country India
Abstract This paper presents a comprehensive socio-legal examination of the rights of prison in India, with a specific focus on the unique vulnerabilities faced by transgender prisoners. Imprisonment, while intended as the State’s response to criminal conduct, does not strip a person from their fundamental humanity. Yet Indian prisons; overcrowded, under- resourced and institutionally indifferent, routinely fail to uphold even the minimum constitutional guarantees owed to these within their walls. This paper traces the philosophical underpinnings of punishment through the major theories of penology; surveys the classification of prisoners and their corresponding legal rights under constitutional, statutory and international framework; examines the particular cruelties visited upon transgender inmates through documented incidents of violence, discriminatory segregation, denial of medical care and institutional invisibilities and purposes concrete recommendations grounded in constitutional values, international human rights standards and the imperative of dignified treatment for all prisoners regardless of gender identity. The central argument is that the conditions of the transgender person in the Indian prison represents the intersection of every systemic failure; of the criminal justice; of the healthcare; of social acceptance, and of the legislative implementation. Addressing this failure is not a matter of charity but of constitutional obligation.
Keywords Transgender Prisoners, Rights of Prisoners, Theories Of Punishment, Article 21, Indian Prisons, NALSA Judgment, Yogyakarta Principles, Transgender Persons (Protection Of Rights) Act, 2019, Prison Reform, Custodial Violence.
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-04-12
View / Download PDF File

Share this



E-ISSN 2582-2160
CrossRef

CrossRef DOI is assigned to each research paper published in our journal.

IJFMR DOI prefix is
10.36948/ijfmr

Downloads
Research Paper Format Copyright Permission Form and Undertaking Form Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 2Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 1Cover Page Vol 7 Isu 6

All research papers published on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and all rights belong to their respective authors/researchers.

CC-BY-SA Open Access

About IJFMR
Fees & Payment
Current Issue
Publication Archive 		Submit Research Paper
Track Submission Status
Publication Guidelines
Publication Ethics
Peer Review & Plagiarism 		Join as a Reviewer
Editors & Reviewers
Reviewer Referral Program
Get Reviewer Membership Certi. 		Website/Journal Policies
Usage Policy
Content Policies
Privacy Policy
Contact Us +91-9687-828-838 editor@ijfmr.com
Powered by Sky Research Publication and Journals