International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

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Volume 8 Issue 2
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Invisible Climate Refugees: Women and Children at Risk in India

Author(s) IRIN XESS, Dr. LALIT KUMAR ROY
Country India
Abstract Climate change is a growing cause of forced displacement that disproportionately affects women and children in India. Often remaining invisible due to a lack of formal legal recognition, these groups face intensified socio-economic inequalities as environmental hazards act as threat multipliers. Displacement leads to severe disruptions in health, nutrition, and education, exposing women to heightened risks of gender-based violence and maternal health complications. At the same time, children face increased trafficking, labour, and school dropouts. Although international instruments like CEDAW and the CRC provide normative standards, they do not explicitly address climate-induced displacement, resulting in fragmented protection. Furthermore, while the Indian judiciary recognises the right to be free from the adverse effects of climate change under Article 21, current policies remain largely gender-neutral and relief-oriented. This paper highlights these gaps and argues for gender- and child-sensitive legal reforms to move beyond temporary aid toward long-term rehabilitation and the protection of fundamental dignity.
Keywords: Climate Refugees, Gender-Sensitive Reform, Climate Justice, Internal Displacement, Gender-Based Violence, Threat Multiplier
Keywords Climate Refugees, Gender-Sensitive Reform, Climate Justice, Internal Displacement, Gender-Based Violence, Threat Multiplier
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-04-13
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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