A Comparative Evaluation of Financial Soundness and Operational Efficiency of State Bank of India (SBI) and Bank of Baroda (BOB): An Empirical Study Using the CAMEL Model

Author(s)	Dr. RAMANDEEP KAUR
Country	India
Abstract	The Indian banking sector has been instrumental in supporting the country’s economic development, even while confronting challenges such as economic instability, deteriorating asset quality, issues in corporate governance, and a decelerating economy. In response, the sector has experienced substantial reforms, regulatory changes, and policy interventions. This study focuses on the CAMEL framework—comprising Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, and Liquidity—which serves as an internal supervisory rating system to evaluate the overall performance of banks. The CAMEL rating approach assesses these five critical dimensions to determine a bank’s financial soundness and operational efficiency. By examining selected banks from both public and private sectors, specifically Bank of Baroda, and State Bank of India, the study aims to provide a comparative understanding of their performance and generate meaningful insights. These banks are considered leading institutions in their respective sectors, making them suitable choices for this analysis.
Keywords	CAMEL Model, Capital Adequacy, Asset Quality, Management Efficiency, Earnings, Liquidity, Bank of Baroda, State Bank of India.
Field	Business Administration
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-04-16
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i02.74809

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