A Comparative Review of Machine Learning Algorithms for Disease Prediction

Vivek Gupta; Vishal; Harshit Kumar Gupta; Pratham Jangra; Dr. Yatu Rani

A Comparative Review of Machine Learning Algorithms for Disease Prediction

Author(s)	Mr. Vivek Gupta, Mr. Vishal, Mr. Harshit Kumar Gupta, Mr. Pratham Jangra, Dr. Yatu Rani
Country	India
Abstract	The integration of Machine Learning (ML) in healthcare has revolutionized the early prediction and diagnosis of various diseases. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative review of widely used machine learning algorithms — including Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Naive Bayes, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and ensemble methods such as XGBoost and Gradient Boosting — for disease prediction. The study systematically analyzes the performance of these algorithms across multiple disease domains, including diabetes, heart disease, cancer, kidney disease, and liver disease, based on key evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC. Furthermore, this review identifies the strengths and limitations of each algorithm, discusses prevalent challenges including data imbalance, feature selection, missing data handling, and model interpretability, and suggests future research directions. The findings indicate that ensemble learning methods generally outperform traditional classifiers, while deep learning approaches show promising results with large-scale medical datasets. This review serves as a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners aiming to select appropriate ML techniques for healthcare applications.
Keywords	Machine Learning, Disease Prediction, Classification Algorithms, Healthcare, Comparative Analysis, Ensemble Learning, Deep Learning, Medical Diagnosis
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-15

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International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Comparative Review of Machine Learning Algorithms for Disease Prediction

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