International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Philippine National Police Cybercrime Policing in Northeastern Mindanao

Author(s) Teresito Orozco Delos Arcos, Harry Santiago Pairat Achas
Country Philippines
Abstract This study examines how the Philippine National Police (PNP) operationalize proactive and reactive cybercrime policing strategies in Northern Mindanao through the lenses of Intelligence-Led Policing, Network Governance Theory, and Situated Learning Theory. Using a convergent mixed-methods design, the research integrates official PNP cybercrime records (2023–2025), survey data from RACU-10 officers, local police personnel, and victims, and qualitative interviews with cybercrime investigators. Findings show that cybercrime incidents were concentrated in online scams, online libel, and illegal access, reflecting the dominance of financial and reputation-related offenses in the region. Reported cases declined from 302 (2023) to 244 (2025), while resolution rates fluctuated (83.77% in 2023, 69.40% in 2024, and 75% in 2025), suggesting adaptive yet capacity-sensitive investigative performance. Cases were geographically concentrated in Cagayan de Oro City, indicating the link between digital activity, urbanization, and reporting accessibility. Survey results reveal high levels of awareness and compliance among police personnel regarding proactive and reactive measures under Republic Act No. 10175. Victims generally perceived cybercrime policing as effective and accessible; however, proactive strategies were rated less responsive than reactive enforcement actions. Qualitative analysis identified structural asymmetries between legal mandate and operational capacity, jurisdictional fluidity in borderless cases, inter-agency coordination frictions, procedural rigidity, uneven decentralization, and reliance on practice-based learning to compensate for resource constraints. The study concludes that cybercrime policing in Northern Mindanao reflects institutional resilience amid structural limitations and underscores the need for strengthened intelligence operationalization, sustained inter-agency coordination, and institutionalized learning systems in regional cybercrime governance.
Keywords criminology, cybercrime policing, proactive and reactive strategies, intelligence-led policing, Philippine National Police, Philippines
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-05
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.77171
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