Role of Arch Correction and Physical Exercise in Improving Pes Planus: A Case Study

Purva Yadav

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.77463

Role of Arch Correction and Physical Exercise in Improving Pes Planus: A Case Study

Author(s)	Purva Yadav
Country	India
Abstract	Background: Pes planus, commonly referred to as flat foot, is a musculoskeletal condition characterized by a reduction or collapse of the medial longitudinal arch during weight-bearing activities. While it may remain asymptomatic in some individuals, others experience pain, fatigue, and impaired functional performance, particularly during prolonged standing and walking. Flexible pes planus, in which the arch reappears in non-weight-bearing positions, is often responsive to conservative physiotherapy management. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a structured physiotherapy exercise program focusing on arch correction, strengthening, flexibility, and balance training in a patient with flexible pes planus. Case Description: A 26-year-old female presented with bilateral foot pain, fatigue, and balance difficulty for a duration of 7–8 months. Clinical examination revealed reduced medial longitudinal arch during standing, bilateral heel valgus, and impaired single-leg balance. The condition was diagnosed as flexible pes planus based on clinical findings. Intervention: The patient underwent a 4-week physiotherapy program consisting of foot intrinsic strengthening exercises, calf stretching, and balance training. Exercises included short foot exercise, towel curls, marble pick-up, heel raises, calf stretching, and single-leg standing, performed daily with gradual progression. Outcome Measures: Pain was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while balance and walking ability were evaluated through functional assessment. Results: Following the intervention, pain reduced significantly from 6/10 to 2/10. Balance improved from poor to functional stability, and walking ability increased with reduced fatigue and discomfort. Conclusion: A structured exercise-based physiotherapy program proved effective in reducing symptoms and improving functional outcomes in flexible pes planus. The findings support the use of simple, non-invasive interventions as a first-line treatment approach.
Keywords	Pes Planus, Flat Foot, Exercise Therapy, Balance Training, Foot Strengthening, Arch Correction
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-09
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.77463

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Role of Arch Correction and Physical Exercise in Improving Pes Planus: A Case Study

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