International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Understanding the Agricultural Pattern in Early Medieval Bengal: a Study Based on Epigraphy and Literature

Author(s) Mr. SURAJIT DAS
Country India
Abstract Agriculture has always been the main factor contributing to the economy of Bengal. This article traces the agricultural pattern noticed in early medieval Bengal based on inscriptions and literary sources. To understand the agricultural pattern of a region, it is important to know the geography and climate of the area. Various historical texts talk about the geopolitical divisions and heavy rainfall in early medieval Bengal. So, it can be said that the fertile deltaic plains and the tropical monsoon climate contributed a lot towards the prosperous agricultural economy. The same can be witnessed from the epigraphical and literary sources of the time. The inscriptions talk about the different land grants and also provide information related to rights and responsibilities related to land, types of land, land measurements, etc. On On the other hand, literary sources like Rāmacaritam written by Sandhyākaranandī, the Saduktikarṇāmṛta by Śrīdharadāsa, Khanāra Bacana, and others have information on the different crops like paddy, fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, mustard; their growing seasons and conditions; different agricultural implements and others. Hence, the article will provide a general view of agriculture in early medieval Bengal.
Keywords Agriculture, Early Medieval Bengal, Inscriptions, Literary Sources, Geographical location, Climate, Land Grants, Paddy Cultivation, Cash Crop Cultivation, Spices, Agricultural Implements, Agricultural Trade.
Field Sociology > Archaeology / History
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-09
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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