International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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A Cross Sectional Analytical Study of Platelet Indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author(s) Prof. Jasmin H Jasani, Dr. Riddhi Sheta, Dr. Priyanshi Shah
Country India
Abstract Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and associated microvascular and macrovascular complications. Platelets play an important role not only in hemostasis but also in thrombosis and vascular pathology. Platelet indices such as Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW), and Platelet Large Cell Ratio (P-LCR) reflect platelet size and activity and may serve as markers for thrombotic risk in diabetic patients.

Aim:
To evaluate and correlate platelet indices with glycemic status in patients with Type 2
Diabetes Mellitus.

Material and Method:
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted over a period of six months (June–November 2023) at SBKS Medical Institute and Research Centre, Piparia, Vadodara. The study included 130 participants, comprising 65 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Group A) and 65 age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls (Group B). Platelet indices (MPV, PDW, and P-LCR) and glycemic parameters including HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), random blood sugar (RBS), and post-prandial blood sugar (PPBS) were analyzed and compared between groups.

Results:
The study demonstrated significantly higher platelet indices in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic controls. Mean MPV, PDW, and P-LCR values were elevated in diabetics (12.1 fl, 14.02 fl, and 35.1%) compared with controls (9.5 fl, 10.4 fl, and 23.7%) with statistically significant p-values. Furthermore, diabetic patients with complications showed higher platelet indices than those without complications. Increased platelet indices were also associated with poor glycemic control and higher HbA1c levels.

Conclusion:
Platelet indices such as MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are significantly increased in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and correlate with glycemic status and diabetic complications. These indices may serve as simple, cost-effective laboratory markers for early detection and monitoring of thrombotic risk and vascular complications in diabetic patients.
Keywords Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Platelet indices, Mean platelet volume, Platelet distribution width, Platelet large cell ratio, Glycemic control.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-08
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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