International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 4
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Prevalence, Patterns, and Awareness of Over-the-Counter Drug Use among Adults in Mohali, Punjab: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author(s) Ms. Yasmeena Jan, Ms. Kavita Kumari, Manpreet Kaur, Rishu Thakur, Parul Sharma, Maria Mattu
Country India
Abstract ABSTRACT
Introduction: Self-medication practice involves using drugs to treat self-diagnosed ailments or continuing prescription drugs without supervision. Over-the-counter drugs are widely used globally, particularly in low-resource settings, as they are easily accessible and generally considered safe.
Aim: To assess the usage of OTC drugs among the general population in a selected area of Mohali, Punjab.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using purposive sampling to select 250 adults in Gharuan, Mohali. Data were collected using a self-structured, pre-tested questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Among 250 participants, 54% were male and 46% female; 50% were unmarried and 45% married. Most had secondary education or below, 46% were employed, and 58% lived in urban areas. Painkillers (42%) were the most commonly used OTC drugs, followed by antipyretics (24%) and antiallergics (18%). Usage patterns included night time intake (49%), twice daily (27%), and thrice daily (8%). The most common route of administration was oral (59%), followed by topical (28%). OTC drugs were mostly obtained from Pharmacies (45%), online sources (32%), and doctor’s (14%). Influencing factors included healthcare advice (44%), family (18%), personal experience (14%), and friends (14%). Knowledge regarding analgesics, antipyretics, sleeping pills, and antispasmodics was generally high, while awareness of antifungals, antiemetics, cough suppressants, and calcium supplements was mixed.
Conclusion: OTC drug use is widespread among the general population. While general knowledge is moderate to high, there is a need for targeted education on safe use, possible hazards, and benefits. Promoting safe self-medication practices can reduce adverse effects and improve health outcomes.
Keywords ‘Over-the-counter medications’, ‘Awareness’, ‘Side effects.’
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-29
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.77961
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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