International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Tracing the Evolution of Tribal Welfare Policies: A Historical Appraisal of Nalgonda District

Author(s) Dr. Mudavath Saida
Country India
Abstract This paper undertakes a systematic historical appraisal of tribal welfare policies as they have evolved and been implemented in Nalgonda District, Telangana, from the post-Independence period through the contemporary era. Employing a combination of archival research, policy document analysis, and secondary census data, the study traces the trajectory of welfare interventions from the constitutional safeguards of 1950, through the establishment of Integrated Tribal Development Agencies (ITDA) in 1975, to the forest land rights dispensation of 2006 and the post-bifurcation welfare architecture of the Telangana state. The paper evaluates the effectiveness of flagship programmes—including the Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP), the Panchayats (Extension to Scheduled Areas) Act (PESA), and the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)—in addressing the socio-economic deprivations of scheduled tribes in Nalgonda. Data from the Census of India, ITDA annual reports, and the Tribal Welfare Department reveal measurable improvements in literacy, housing, and land security, while also exposing persistent structural deficits in healthcare access, higher education enrolment, and institutional accountability. The study argues that policy evolution in Nalgonda mirrors broader national ambiguities: progressive legislation coexisting with inadequate grassroots implementation, bureaucratic fragmentation, and limited tribal agency in governance. The paper concludes with recommendations for rights-based, participatory welfare frameworks.
Keywords tribal welfare policy, Nalgonda District, ITDA, Scheduled Tribes, Forest Rights Act, PESA, Telangana, tribal development, historical appraisal
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-11
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.78250
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