International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 3
May-June 2026

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Hydro-Diplomacy and Regional Security: A Study of Ganga Water Sharing between India and Bangladesh

Author(s) Ms. Archana Jyoti
Country India
Abstract This paper examines the role of hydro-diplomacy in shaping Ganga water sharing between India and Bangladesh and analyzes its implications for regional security in South Asia. The study focuses on the evolution of the Ganga water dispute from the construction of the Farakka Barrage to the signing of the Ganga Water Treaty in 1996 and evaluates how institutionalized water-sharing mechanisms have contributed to bilateral cooperation. The paper argues that although the treaty has successfully reduced direct political confrontation and established a framework for negotiation through the Joint Rivers Commission, several challenges continue to affect the sustainability of hydro-diplomacy. These challenges include declining dry-season flow, climate-induced hydrological variability, ecological degradation, population pressure, and asymmetrical upper–lower riparian relations. The study further examines how Ganga water sharing influences environmental security, human security, and political stability in the region. By incorporating contemporary debates on climate change, ecological sustainability, and basin-wide governance, the paper highlights the need for adaptive and cooperative river management. It concludes that the future of India–Bangladesh hydro-diplomacy will depend on integrated basin management, ecological cooperation, data transparency, and climate-sensitive water governance capable of addressing emerging regional and environmental challenges.
Keywords Hydro-Diplomacy, Ganga Water Treaty, India–Bangladesh Relations, Regional Security, Transboundary Water Governance.
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-13
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E-ISSN 2582-2160
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