International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Effectiveness of a Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge and Practice Regarding the Use of Incentive Spirometry Among Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery at Apollo Excelcare Hospital

Author(s) Ms. Sanglakpam Rojita Devi, Ms. Ponglinliu Kamei, Ms. Chongthamuan no title, Ms. Shougaijam Pelika Devi, Ms. V Pamthing no title, Ms. Chongtham Mangangleima Chanu, Ms. Gayatri Shil
Country India
Abstract Abstract
Background
Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), such as atelectasis, pneumonia, and impaired lung expansion, are common among patients undergoing cardiac surgery and contribute significantly to increased morbidity, prolonged hospitalization, and higher healthcare costs. Incentive spirometry is a simple, non-invasive respiratory therapy used to prevent these complications by promoting sustained deep breathing and improving lung expansion. However, its effectiveness depends largely on patients’ knowledge and ability to use the device correctly.
Aim
To assess the effectiveness of a planned teaching program on knowledge and practice regarding the use of incentive spirometry among patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Methods
A quantitative pre-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design was employed. The study was conducted among 50 patients undergoing cardiac surgery in the CTVS unit of Apollo Excelcare Hospital. Participants were selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire and an observational practice checklist. Following the pretest, a planned teaching program on the use of incentive spirometry was administered. Post test assessments were conducted using the same tools. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including paired t-test and chi-square test.
Results
In the pretest, 39 (78%) participants had poor knowledge and 46 (92%) demonstrated poor practice regarding incentive spirometry. Following the planned teaching program, 46 (92%) participants achieved good knowledge and 44 (88%) demonstrated good practice. The mean knowledge score increased from 1.98 ± 2.27 to 9.80 ± 1.17 (t = 20.83, p < 0.001). The mean practice score increased from 1.08 ± 1.42 to 9.42 ± 1.59 (t = 30.33, p < 0.001), indicating statistically highly significant improvement.
Conclusion
The planned teaching program was highly effective in improving both knowledge and practice regarding the use of incentive spirometry among patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Incorporating structured nurse-led educational interventions into routine perioperative care may enhance patient participation and help reduce postoperative pulmonary complications.
Keywords Keywords Incentive spirometry, cardiac surgery, planned teaching program, knowledge, practice, patient education, postoperative pulmonary complications.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-18
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.78814
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