International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Agricultural Marketing in Telangana: A Micro-Level Study of Cotton and Paddy Farmers in Komaram Bheem Asifabad District

Author(s) Mr. Suresh Elupula
Country India
Abstract Agriculture is the primary livelihood source in Telangana’s tribal areas, yet tribal farmers face continuous challenges in obtaining formal markets and realizing remunerative prices. This study investigates agricultural marketing patterns, institutional access, and income implications among tribal farmers in Thiryani Mandal (Gadalpally and Ralla Kanneally villages) of Komuram Bhim-Asifabad district, where nearly all households depend on agriculture. A field survey of 100 farmers, proportionally sampled from 263 agriculture-dependent households, was conducted. The sample included 22 female farmers (headed) households, highlighting gendered vulnerabilities. Farmers were categorized by landholding size: large, medium, semi-medium, and small/marginal. The data were collected on crop cultivation, frequency of sales, net income per quintal, land record possession, and access to institutional procurement system such as Cotton Corporation of India (CCI) and Minimum Support Price (MSP) channels.
Findings revealed that the large and medium farmers, cultivating mostly cotton, are able to access MSP through CCI, whereas small and marginal farmers, many of whom are tribal and female-headed, face exclusion due to lack of land records, debt obligations, and subsistence-mode of paddy cultivation. Multiple-stage selling to intermediaries increases the costs and reduces net income of the cultivators by ₹400–600 per quintal. Correlation analysis (r ≈ –0.58) indicates a moderate negative relationship between frequency of sales and net income, confirming that repeated selling stages lower earnings. A Chi-square test (χ² = 24.24, df = 1, p < 0.05) shows a statistically significant relationship between possession of land records and access to procurement facilities, highlighting structural barriers for tribal farmers.
The study underscores that tribal farmers challenges are multi-dimensional, encompassing structural, institutional, gendered, and economic factors. Female-headed households and small/marginal farmers are particularly vulnerable to exclusion, while distress sales are common among indebted households. Paddy cultivation remains largely subsistence-oriented, providing minimal marketable surplus, whereas cotton dominates sale crops but incurs higher transportation costs for smaller farmers.
Keywords Agricultural Marketing, MSP, CCI, Cotton, Paddy, Telangana, Small Farmers, Gender, Distress Sale.
Field Sociology > Economics
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-19
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.78911
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