To Study the Prevalence of Hypothyroidism among Women Struggling with Infertility in a Tertiary Care Centre in North India

Neha Kumari; Namita Chandra; Parul Verma; Shalini Mishra

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.79180

To Study the Prevalence of Hypothyroidism among Women Struggling with Infertility in a Tertiary Care Centre in North India

Author(s)	Dr. Neha Kumari, Prof. Dr. Namita Chandra, Dr. Parul Verma, Dr. Shalini Mishra
Country	India
Abstract	Introduction: Infertility is a common reproductive health problem with medical, psychological and social consequences. Thyroid hormones influence ovulation, luteal function, implantation and early pregnancy, and hypothyroidism is a potentially correctable endocrine cause of female infertility. In Indian women, especially those seeking care at tertiary hospitals, thyroid dysfunction is frequently underdiagnosed and may present even when menstrual cycles seem clinically normal. Routine thyroid screening in infertility clinics may therefore identify a modifiable factor before couples undergo costly and invasive interventions. Aim: To estimate the prevalence of hypothyroidism among women struggling with infertility at a tertiary care centre in North India and to compare the burden of subclinical and overt disease. Method: This hospital-based cross-sectional observational study was carried out over 12 months in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, T.S. Misra Medical College and Hospital, Lucknow. Women aged 20-40 years with primary or secondary infertility were enrolled after applying eligibility criteria. Although an administrative target of 150 women was considered, the uploaded thesis reports a calculated minimum sample size and final analyzed cohort of 101 participants. Detailed history, general and gynaecological examination, anthropometry, and infertility workup were performed. Laboratory evaluation included serum TSH, FT3, FT4, prolactin, LH, FSH, AMH, routine blood tests, semen analysis of the husband and pelvic ultrasonography. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Among 101 infertile women, primary infertility accounted for 67.3% and secondary infertility for 32.7%. Using a fertility-oriented TSH cutoff of >2.5 mU/L, hypothyroidism was present in 74.3%; using TSH >4.0 mU/L, 27.7% were hypothyroid, of whom 64.3% had subclinical and 35.7% overt disease. Mean prolactin was significantly higher in hypothyroid women (23.6 vs 14.2 ng/mL; p<0.001). Conclusion: Hypothyroidism, predominantly subclinical, is highly prevalent among infertile women in this North Indian tertiary centre and is frequently previously undetected. Routine thyroid screening during infertility evaluation can facilitate early treatment, reduce endocrine contributors to anovulation and hyperprolactinemia, and improve fertility-oriented clinical decision-making.
Keywords	Infertility, hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, thyroid stimulating hormone, reproductive endocrinology.
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-22
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.79180

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To Study the Prevalence of Hypothyroidism among Women Struggling with Infertility in a Tertiary Care Centre in North India

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