International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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School Heads’ Implementation, Compliance, and Effectiveness on DepEd Order No. 14, S. 2023 or Aral Program

Author(s) REMA D. DELICANO
Country Philippines
Abstract This study determined the school heads’ implementation, compliance, and effectiveness in carrying out DepEd Order No. 14, s. 2023, otherwise known as the ARAL Program, in public schools in the Schools Division of Iloilo, Philippines for the School Year 2025–2026. Specifically, the study sought to determine the profile of the respondents in terms of age, sex, highest educational attainment, school size, and length of teaching experience; assess the level of implementation, compliance, and effectiveness of school heads in carrying out the ARAL Program; determine whether significant differences existed in these variables when respondents were grouped according to profile variables; and ascertain the significant relationships among implementation, compliance, and effectiveness.

The study employed the descriptive-correlational research design. The respondents of the study were 181 randomly selected school heads from the five congressional districts in the Schools Division of Iloilo. Stratified proportionate random sampling and fishbowl technique were utilized in selecting the respondents. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire which underwent validation and reliability testing. Frequency, percentage, mean, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s r were used as statistical tools in analyzing the data.

The findings revealed that the majority of the respondents were old, female, bachelor’s degree holders, assigned in medium-sized schools, and possessed long teaching experience. The level of implementation, compliance, and effectiveness of school heads in carrying out the ARAL Program when taken as a whole were all “High.” Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the level of implementation, compliance, and effectiveness when respondents were grouped according to profile variables. However, significant relationships existed among implementation, compliance, and effectiveness, indicating that school heads who demonstrated higher levels of implementation and compliance also exhibited higher levels of effectiveness in carrying out the ARAL Program.

The study concluded that effective implementation and strong compliance with DepEd Order No. 14, s. 2023 significantly contribute to the effectiveness of the ARAL Program. Strong instructional leadership, accountability, and policy compliance among school heads are essential in sustaining learning recovery initiatives and improving learner outcomes in public schools.
Keywords ARAL Program, implementation, compliance, effectiveness, school heads, educational leadership, learning recovery, DepEd Order No. 14 s. 2023, public schools, Schools Division of Iloilo
Field Sociology > Education
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-29
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.79769
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