Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana and Women's Entrepreneurship: A Secondary Data Analysis of National Disbursement Patterns and Their Impact on Female Entrepreneurship and Empowerment in Haryana

Simple Simple; Rohtas Rohtas; Surender Ahalawat

Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana and Women's Entrepreneurship: A Secondary Data Analysis of National Disbursement Patterns and Their Impact on Female Entrepreneurship and Empowerment in Haryana

Author(s)	Simple Simple, Rohtas Rohtas, Surender Ahalawat
Country	India
Abstract	The Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY), launched on 8 April 2015, is one of the most expansive micro-credit initiatives ever mounted by the Indian government. By February 2025 it had facilitated over 52 crore loan accounts with cumulative disbursements surpassing Rs. 32 lakh crore.This paper uses exclusively secondary data drawn from official government sources-MUDRA Annual Reports, PLFS 2023-24, NITI Aayog's 2023 Impact Assessment, RBI Monetary Policy reports, SLBC Haryana records, and the PIB press release commemorating PMMY's first decade to examine two specific objectives: first, the national and state-level patterns of PMMY disbursements with a particular focus on women beneficiaries; and second, the programme's impact on female entrepreneurship, income levels, and women's empowerment in Haryana. The analysis reveals a programme of remarkable numerical reach in which women hold 68 percent of total MUDRA accounts nationally. Yet a closer reading of category-level data exposes an internal credit disparity: in FY 2023-24 women held 63.63 percent of accounts but received only 41.76 percent of the disbursed value, reflecting their concentration in the Shishu (up to Rs. 50,000) tier and comparative underrepresentation in Kishore and Tarun loans. The per-woman disbursement amount has grown at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13 percent between FY16 and FY25, reaching Rs. 62,679 by FY25. In Haryana-a state that paradoxically ranks among India's highest per-capita income states yet records persistently low female labour force participation-PMMY has expanded formal credit access for women entrepreneurs in urban trade, beauty services, and food processing, though rural adoption remains constrained by mobility norms, documentation barriers, and limited business facilitation. The paper concludes with evidence-based policy recommendations for deepening the gender dividend of the programme.
Keywords	PMMY, MUDRA, women entrepreneurship, Haryana, financial inclusion, Shishu loans, female LFPR, PLFS, secondary data analysis, micro-credit.
Field	Sociology > Economics
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-29

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Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana and Women's Entrepreneurship: A Secondary Data Analysis of National Disbursement Patterns and Their Impact on Female Entrepreneurship and Empowerment in Haryana

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