Case Study: Metabolic and Immunological Outcomes of a Structured Two-meal Fasting Program in an HIV-positive Adult Male with Multiple Comorbidities

Author(s)	Dr Kavitha P S, Dr Ramana V Krishnan
Country	India
Abstract	Persons living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) face heightened risk of metabolic complications including insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, reduced bone mineral density, vitamin deficiencies, and gastrointestinal dysbiosis. ART-induced alterations in gut microbiota composition and intestinal permeability frequently manifest as chronic, debilitating gastrointestinal symptoms that remain undertreated in clinical practice. Nutritional intervention strategies that are sustainable, evidence-aligned, and compatible with ART protocols are critically needed. Structured two-meal fasting programs have shown promise in improving glycaemic control, lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and gut motility in metabolically compromised adults.
Keywords	Fasting, Two meals, HIV, immunity
Field	Biology
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-30

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