Assessment Of Sedation Score in a Prospective Study Using Ketamine as an Additive to Ropivacaine in USG Guided TAP Block for Laparoscopic Surgery

Author(s)	Dr. Mahima R Kulkarni, Dr. Swathi Nayak, Prof. Dr. Yoganarasimha N
Country	India
Abstract	Laparoscopic surgeries are widely performed across the world for various surgical and gynaecological pathologies. Popular for faster recovery, short hospital stay, early return to work and minimum scar, yet postoperative pain management still remains a concern. Various peri-operative pain management strategies are employed including oral, parenteral and regional methods which aid in reducing post-operative pain. Regional technique has an added advantage as it is given intra-operatively while the patient is under anaesthesia. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block, is one such technique and usage of ultrasound has increased the precision of TAP Block. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist has been used as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics in peripheral and central neuraxial blocks. When given intravenously, it is known to cause sedation and delirium. This study was undertaken to assess the sedation caused by Ketamine when used as an adjuvant to Ropivacaine in TAP block.
Keywords	Laparoscopic abdominal surgeries, Transversus Abdominis Plane Block (TAP), Ketamine, Ropivacaine, Ultrasound or USG-guided, sedation score, post-operative analgesia.
Field	Medical / Pharmacy
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-06-04
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.80063

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