Studies on Climate-Associated Protozoan Communities in Livestock and Freshwater Ecosystems of Marathwada Region

Author(s)	Dr. Vasant D. Jadhav
Country	India
Abstract	Protozoan parasites and free-living protozoa play critical roles in livestock health and ecosystem functioning. This study investigated the seasonal dynamics of protozoan communities across livestock (goat coccidiosis), soil, and reservoir ecosystems in the Marathwada region, Maharashtra, India. A total of 480 goat fecal samples, 240 soil samples, and 144 water samples were collected across four seasons (summer, monsoon, post-monsoon, winter) from three districts. Standard parasitological and microbiological techniques were employed to identify Eimeria spp. (causative agents of Coccidiosis), soil protozoa, and aquatic protozoan communities. Seasonal prevalence of coccidiosis was highest during monsoon (62.5%) and lowest in summer (28.3%). Soil protozoan density peaked during post-monsoon (3.8 × 10⁴ cells/g), while reservoir protozoa showed maximum diversity during monsoon. Statistical analysis (ANOVA, p < 0.05) revealed significant seasonal variation across all systems. The findings highlight the strong influence of climatic factors on protozoan ecology and disease epidemiology, emphasizing the need for season-specific management strategies.
Keywords	Protozoa, Coccidiosis, Seasonal dynamics, Soil ecology, Reservoir ecology, Marathwada,
Field	Biology > Zoology
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-06-02
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.80195

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