International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

E-ISSN: 2582-2160   •   Impact Factor: 9.24

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Volume 8 Issue 4
July-August 2026

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Structural Asymmetries and Deterrence Stability in West Asia (A Galtungian Multi-Level Analysis of the Iran-US-Israel Triad)

Author(s) Mr. Shubham Rai
Country India
Abstract This study applies Johan Galtung's tripartite typology of violence, direct, structural, and cultural, within a multi-level analytical framework to examine the enduring conflict triad among Iran, the United States, and Israel. Conventional realist accounts, centred on material capabilities, deterrence calculations, and rational actor models, fail to fully explain the persistence and cyclical intensification of hostilities in the absence of declared, conventional inter-state war. By disaggregating the conflict into four analytical levels—mega/systemic, macro/inter-state, meso/societal, and micro/individual, this analysis argues that the triad is sustained not only by competing national interests but also by entrenched structural asymmetries, ideologically reinforced enemy images, and the accumulated weight of historical grievances that operate below the threshold of direct violence. The prevailing deterrence arrangements, moreover, are shown to produce a condition of negative peace: a fragile, coercion-dependent equilibrium rather than genuine stability. Sustainable conflict transformation consequently demands systematic engagement with the structural and cultural foundations of violence. The analysis draws on Galtung's (1969) foundational framework, deterrence theory literature, and contemporary empirical evidence from the conflict.
Keywords structural violence, cultural violence, deterrence theory, Iran-US-Israel triad, Galtung, negative peace, West Asia
Field Sociology > Intelligence / Security
Published In Volume 8, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-06-05
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i03.81606
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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