International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Design and Analysis of an Intelligent Hysteresis Control Scheme for Voltage Stability in Hybrid Renewable DC Microgrids

Author(s) Mr. Dhramveer, Ms. Veena Rani
Country India
Abstract This paper presents the design and analysis of an Intelligent Hysteresis Control (IHC) scheme for voltage stability in a hybrid renewable DC Microgrid integrating solar photovoltaic (PV), wind energy, and lithium-ion battery storage. The proposed IHC dynamically adjusts its switching thresholds in real time based on three key system variables: the rate of change of load current (dI_load/dt), battery state-of-charge (SoC), and renewable power gradient (dP_re/dt). Unlike conventional fixed-band hysteresis or proportional-integral (PI) controllers, the IHC incorporates an adaptive hysteresis band, a rule-based decision matrix for edge conditions, dedicated battery protection logic, and an auto-recovery DC circuit breaker mechanism. MATLAB/Simulink-based simulations over a 12-second test sequence comprising seven distinct disturbance events demonstrate that the IHC maintains DC bus voltage within ±2.5% of the 380 V nominal under all tested conditions, achieves a steady-state battery switching frequency below 10 Hz, sustains an idle-mode duty cycle of approximately 68%, and enables full system recovery within 20 ms after fault clearance. Comparative analysis shows that the proposed scheme outperforms conventional fixed-hysteresis and PID-based approaches in voltage deviation, battery lifecycle protection, and component stress reduction, making it well suited for autonomous, high-renewable-penetration DC micro grid applications
Keywords DC micro grid, Voltage stability, intelligent hysteresis control, Hybrid renewable energy, Battery energy storage, Adaptive control, MATLAB/Simulink
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-04
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.83046
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CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

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