International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

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Strengthening Defence Autonomy through Private Sector Participation: The Indian Perspective

Author(s) Mr. Vikas Kumar Pal, Dr. Vijay Kumar
Country India
Abstract India’s pursuit of defence autonomy is a strategic priority in light of changing geopolitical dynamics, technological advancements, and the goal of reducing reliance on imported military equipment from other nation. According to SIPRI report 2026, despite significant progress, India remains among the world's second largest arms importers between 2021-25, and world 5th largest military spender which highlighting the importance of expanding domestic defence production. Recent policy measures under the Atmanirbhar Bharat framework aim to transform the country’s defence industrial landscape by encouraging greater private sector participation, fostering innovation, liberalizing foreign direct investment (FDI), and strengthening public–private partnerships. This paper explores the role of private enterprises in advancing India's defence autonomy through an analysis of reforms in defence procurement, indigenous manufacturing, research and development, defence start-ups, MSMEs. It also analyses the role of private sector involvement in defence production & export by which improved technological capabilities, enhanced production efficiency, boosted competitiveness, and diversified India’s defence industrial base. The paper also highlights ongoing challenges such as limited access to advanced technologies, financing hurdles, regulatory obstacles, and reliance on imported critical components. It concludes that the major private actors of defence production and their significance in the defence production aimed at establishing a resilient, innovative, and self-reliant defence manufacturing ecosystem in India.
Keywords Atmanirbhar Bharat, Strategic Autonomy, Defence Autonomy, Defence Manufacturing Ecosystem, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
Field Sociology > Intelligence / Security
Published In Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-11
DOI https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.83505
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