A Critical Review of Cloud Infrastructure Security Using Multi-Factor Authentication

Preethi Patel H G

doi:10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.83604

A Critical Review of Cloud Infrastructure Security Using Multi-Factor Authentication

Author(s)	Ms. Preethi Patel H G
Country	India
Abstract	Cloud computing has become widely adopted due to its ability to provide scalable, flexible, and on-demand services for data storage, application hosting, and online collaboration. However, the security of user accounts and sensitive data remains a significant concern because cloud services are accessed via the internet. Password-based authentication alone is no longer considered sufficient, as passwords may be stolen, guessed, or compromised through phishing, brute-force, replay, and other malicious attacks. In response to these risks, Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) is employed to strengthen user verification by requiring two or more independent authentication factors. These factors typically include knowledge-based elements, such as passwords or PINs, possession-based elements, such as mobile phones, smart cards, or security tokens, and inherence-based elements, such as fingerprints or facial recognition. This survey examines recent developments in MFA for cloud computing and discusses a range of authentication techniques, including one-time passwords, biometric authentication, smart cards, hardware tokens, mobile-based authentication, and AI-based adaptive authentication systems designed to enhance cloud security It further examines multi-layer security approaches that integrate contextual verification, encryption, access control, and intrusion detection to enhance cloud protection. In addition, this survey discusses the design principles of secure MFA protocols, identifies existing vulnerabilities and implementation challenges, and evaluates recent research trends in deep learning-based authentication and biometric security. Finally, the paper highlights current limitations, emerging technologies, and future research directions toward developing secure, scalable, user-friendly, and privacy-preserving authentication frameworks for next-generation cloud computing environments.
Keywords	Cloud Computing, Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), Cloud Security, Authentication, Access Control, Biometric Authentication, Identity Management, Authentication Protocols, Intrusion Detection, Deep Learning.
Field	Computer > Artificial Intelligence / Simulation / Virtual Reality
Published In	Volume 8, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On	2026-07-12
DOI	https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2026.v08i04.83604

View / Download PDF File

E-ISSN 2582-2160

doi

CrossRef DOI prefix of IJFMR is 10.36948/ijfmr

Downloads

Research Paper Format Copyright Permission Form and Undertaking Form Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 4 Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 3 Cover Page Vol 8 Isu 2

All research papers published on this website are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, and all rights belong to their respective authors/researchers.

CC-BY-SA

About IJFMR Fees & Payment Current Issue Publication Archive	Submit Research Paper Track Submission Status Publication Guidelines Publication Ethics Peer Review & Plagiarism	Join as a Reviewer Editors & Reviewers Reviewer Referral Program Get Reviewer Membership Certi.	Website/Journal Policies Usage Policy Content Policies Privacy Policy

Contact Us		+91-9687-828-838	editor@ijfmr.com

International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research

A Widely Indexed Open Access Peer Reviewed Multidisciplinary Bi-monthly Scholarly International Journal

A Critical Review of Cloud Infrastructure Security Using Multi-Factor Authentication

Share this